Chronic oral inflammation has been shown to have a negative impact on diabetes, which in turn multiplies and predisposes to severe inflammation of the periodontium (periodontitis).
The reason for this is that periodontitis increases the insulin resistance of tissues, interfering with blood sugar regulation.
But what is periodontitis?
It’s a very common infectious disease that affects just over half of adults. It’s caused by bacteria found in dental plaque that form tartar (biofilm).
In periodontitis, the gums and jaw are chronically inflamed. This tissue, which anchors the teeth in the jaw, is gradually destroyed.
Left untreated, periodontitis can not only lead to tooth loss, but also to a deterioration in general health and, in the case of diabetics, a worsening of blood sugar control.
What impact does periodontitis have on diabetes?
Diabetics who have severe periodontitis are twice as likely to have a heart attack than diabetics whose periodontium is slightly or not at all inflamed. In the case of kidney disease resulting from diabetes, patients who also have severe periodontitis are eight times more likely to be at risk of kidney failure.
How can I protect myself from periodontitis?
Take the time for regular and all-round dental care! Good dental care that specifically removes bacterial plaque should be performed twice a day. To do this, it’s best to always use dental floss and interdental brushes to clean the spaces between the teeth that a normal brush can’t reach. Plus, the toothpaste used should be one that protects against bacterial plaque and inflammation, so reducing the progression of periodontal disease.
It’s also wise to visit the dentist for a check-up and cleaning at least twice a year, especially if you’re diabetic.
Should I tell my dentist about my diabetes?
It’s important to tell the dentist the type of diabetes, duration, blood sugar control and the presence of secondary diseases and comorbidities (coexistence of two or more diseases), as these factors can influence the likelihood of periodontal disease, its course and severity. In fact, poor blood sugar control reduces the success of periodontal treatment.
Only if the dentist is informed will they be able to adapt the treatment in the best way.
All in all, scientific studies have shown that successful treatment of periodontitis can not only improve oral symptoms but also diabetes, significantly lowering blood sugar levels and, as a consequence, decreasing the likelihood of diabetes complications to a normal risk.
With consistent and regular oral care, you can do a lot to protect yourself from periodontitis!
Dr. Ekkehard Armin Matthias Pfitzenmaier
Odontologist and Medical Director of La Malagueta Medical Centre
